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Historically, investing in financial securities required physical effort, visits and documents. As a result, this investing opportunity came with lengthy procedures as well as a slew of problems like fake shares, scams and fake documents. To counter this inefficient functioning of the industry, and make use of technological advancements, the demat account was created.
A dematerialization, or Demat account, is an account that holds various financial securities such as shares, equity or debt in electronic form. When you invest, all your physical security certificates such as bond certificates, share certificates and other documents are converted into digital form and stored in your demat account. This ensures ease of accessibility, increases reliability of security and improves tradability and thus, liquidity.
Demat accounts allow a number of facilities and options. It allows for seamless transfer of shares as it takes place digitally and there is no physical delay. They also allow you to avail of various loan facilities. In India, Demat accounts are controlled by two primary depository organisations: The Central Depository Service Limited and the National Securities Depository Limited.
For most people, the process of buying and selling stock is done through the medium of a stockbroker. As the term suggests, a stock broker buys and sells stock on behalf of clients. In exchange for their services, the stockbroker charges a fee. This fee is known as brokerage.
While there are commonly accepted payment bands for brokerage fees, brokerage charges can vary from broker to broker, and based on the service they provide. Despite the primary services being buying and selling, stockbrokers provide a plethora of other services, such as negotiations, consultations as well as deliveries (although the latter has reduced due to digitization), and these can be tied in with the benefit of a demat account.
Low brokerage services are offered by low-cost brokerage brokers. These brokers provide the basic facilities of buying and selling and collect a reduced commission when compared to full service brokers. However, due to this discounted rate of service, the services provided are basic in nature, most likely to be limited to buying and selling. It is extremely unlikely that they will include any premium services such as consultations and certainly not negotiations.
Before the widespread advent of technology, brokers were a luxury only available to the wealthy. Ever since the internet, brokers can offer services to individuals with smaller investment amounts and caps, and more affordable rates. These individuals offering brokerage services to individuals with smaller market caps are known as discount brokers. Similar to low-cost brokers, they offer skeletal services and cover the bare necessities of buying and selling stocks for individuals.
Compared to traditional old age brokerage co-operations, low-cost discount brokers provide you with similar services at a fraction of the cost. Additionally, the business model of a low-cost discount brokerage firm is much simpler. They offer a flat rate of charge per trade.
Today, investing and trading in financial markets has become seamless and convenient due to digitalisation. People are increasingly opening Demat accounts and start investing in financial securities, without having to worry about hefty brokerage charges. Buying and selling of securities now come at a low cost, making it easier for anyone to start their journey as an investor.
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